介绍

apt模块是Ubuntu/Debian系专用包管理模块，具备幂等性（重复执行不会报错，已安装就不重复安装），底层封装apt，优于直接用shell/command模块执行apt install。

语法

被管理Ubuntu节点前置依赖：python3-apt，apt模块依赖此包，没有会报错

ansible all -m apt -a "name=python3-apt state=present" -b

参数	说明
`name`	包名；多个包逗号分隔；指定版本 `name=nginx=1.24.0-1ubuntu1`
`state`	`present`：安装（存在就不操作）；`latest`：安装并升级到最新；`absent`：卸载
`update_cache`	yes/no，执行前执行`apt update`刷新源缓存，等价`apt update`
`cache_valid_time`	缓存有效期(秒)，例如`3600`，1小时内不再重复update，减少耗时
`purge`	yes/no，卸载时彻底删除配置文件（state=absent时生效）
`autoremove`	yes/no，操作后自动清理无用依赖包
`install_recommends`	yes/no，是否安装推荐依赖，`no`等价`--no-install-recommends`
`upgrade`	`dist`：dist-upgrade；`safe`：安全升级；`full`：完整升级；`no`默认不升级

ansible all -m apt -a "name=nginx state=present" -b -i ansible_client.ini

ansible all -m apt -a "name=nginx state=present update_cache=yes" -b -i ansible_client.ini

ansible all -m apt -a "name=vim,curl,htop,git state=present update_cache=yes" -b -i ansible_client.ini

ansible all -m apt -a "name=nginx=1.24.0-1ubuntu1 state=present" -b -i ansible_client.ini

ansible all -m apt -a "name=nginx state=latest update_cache=yes" -b -i ansible_client.ini

ansible all -m apt -a "name=nginx state=present install_recommends=no" -b -i ansible_client.ini

高频批量场景，减少apt update

# 缓存1小时内有效，1小时内多次执行不会重复apt update
ansible all -m apt -a "name=nginx state=present update_cache=yes cache_valid_time=3600" -b -i ansible_client.ini

执行后返回JSON：

ansible all -m apt -a "name=nginx state=absent" -b -i ansible_client.ini

ansible all -m apt -a "name=nginx state=absent purge=yes" -b -i ansible_client.ini

ansible all -m apt -a "name=nginx state=absent purge=yes autoremove=yes" -b -i ansible_client.ini

ansible all -m apt -a "update_cache=yes upgrade=dist" -b

apt模块（推荐）：幂等、自动检测包状态、返回结构化json结果、不会重复安装；
command/shell模块（不推荐用于包管理）：
```
ansible all -a "apt install -y nginx" -b
```
缺点： 不幂等，多次执行会重复执行apt命令；输出是原始文本，无法识别包状态。